Line fault Indicator

Power utilities are under constant pressure to improve security of supply and reduce the amount of time customers are without electricity. Regulators demand improvements in performance whilst at the same time increased commercial competition drives the need for rapid return on investment.

Installing a system for remotely monitoring fault passage indicators provides an excellent return on investment whilst at the same time delivering improvements in two key performance figures:

1- Reduction in Customer Minutes Lost; CML / SAIDI figures

2- Reduction in Customer Interruptions; CI / SAIFI figures

SDF Al Afak unique approach to remote fault passage indicator monitoring offers utilities both a reduction in operational costs and a corresponding improvement in system performance, this indicator specially designed to Iraq system and weather, all design parameters were selected carefully to meet the country requirements, the operation temperature of this indicator is 85^oC, the ingress Protection according to (IEC 60529) is IP68 , which means this indicator totally protected against dust, no ingress of dust could ingress inside this indicator, IP68 means: The equipment is suitable for continuous immersion in water under any conditions. However, even if there is water can enter but only in such a manner that it produces no harmful effects.

Short Circuit And Earth Fault Indicator Reduce Power Outages And Power Outages

Short Circuit And Earth Fault Indicator is used to detect the power system short circuit and ground fault device, run on the branch of the feeder, if a short circuit or ground fault occurs, the device through the Xiamen Si letter equipment to transfer the information back to the main station, Alarm information, so that duty officers immediately notify the relevant maintenance personnel arrived at the scene. The master station will be real-time to obtain the data from the station, and to determine whether there is an exception, so that we can achieve real-time monitoring effect.

Design principle:

The Short Circuit And Earth Fault Indicator consists of the following parts:

Three short-circuit fault sensors

A ground fault sensor

A reading instrument

The connecting wires are cables and / or cables

The reading instrument is mounted in a plastic box, the reading instrument is equipped with a time reset circuit and the assignment circuit ground fault is indicated by a flashing LED light, and each cable is short-circuited by a flashing LED lamp reading meter with a test reset Button Each sensor consists of a plastic housing and a coil that detects a pulsed current caused by a short circuit and a ground fault. Depending on the different versions of the sensor, the wires are connected or fixed to the sensor or the fiber is plugged into the sensor. The housing is injection molded and meets the IP conditions The The fiber can be safely transported between the sensor and the reading instrument through the high pressure zone

Data, this fiber is made of PMMA, its effective length of 10 meters.

Application:

Short Circuit And Earth Fault Indicator is used to detect short circuit and ground fault equipment. In the ring network distribution system, especially in the system using a large number of ring network load switch, if the next level distribution network system, a short circuit fault or ground fault occurs, the upper power supply system must be within the specified time Break off to prevent a major accident. By using this product, you can mark the faulty part. The maintenance personnel can quickly find the faulty section according to the alarm signal of this indicator, break the fault zone, and restore the power supply in the fault-free section in time, save a lot of working time and reduce the power failure time and power failure range.

The fault indicator discussed today mainly refers to cable fault indicators, which typically have three phase sensors (mounted on A, B, C phases, respectively), a zero sequence sensor (wrapped in three-phase cables), and a host Called display unit). When the distribution network short circuit fault occurs, the power side to the point of failure indicators are fault alarm, and the fault point after the indicator does not alarm, which can determine the location of the fault point interval to help people find the point of failure. According to the basis of fault diagnosis, the fault indicator can be divided into two kinds: fault indicator with overcurrent principle and fault indicator with current mutation principle. As for the use of other principles such as the first half wave method, the fifth harmonic method, injection method, fault current direction method to determine the basis of the fault indicator, due to the existence of a variety of problems, the application of less.

1. Fault indicator with overcurrent principle

Line short circuit and ground fault, the fault current in the line will increase, when the current increases over a certain set value, the use of over-current fault indicator will alarm display. Such indicators need to set a short circuit and ground fault alarm threshold in advance, short circuit in general 400A-1200A, ground generally in the 5-60A, adjustable range. The current use of this principle indicators of the mainstream market position, such as Germany EMG, HHH, the British NORTECH and some domestic manufacturers of products.

2. Fault indicator with current mutation principle

When the line short circuit and ground fault, the line will occur more significant instantaneous current changes, when the protection device action trip, the line steady current current will be zero. Detection of the current value of this mutation, but also to determine the short circuit and ground fault. Because this type of indicator does not need to pre-set the alarm threshold, its scope of application is more extensive. But because of the need for real-time monitoring of line current, product power consumption, shorter service life. There are currently Snyder FLAIR series and some domestic manufacturers of products using such principles.Technology Instruction Line Quick-Fix Line Patient

Trip is refers to line in nonhuman for operation of situation Xia, control switch produced has protective points gate disconnect circuit of phenomenon, General is because line occurred has current leak or line current load had big by led to, and this a fault of occurred and is divided into hidden fault and dominant fault, hidden fault end Hou can through closing recovery normal power, dominant fault is need immediately repair to recovery power.

However, regardless of is hidden also is dominant fault, once occurred is must excluded, so as not to effect future of security power, caused not necessary of economic loss, these phenomenon occurred time are very short, maintenance personnel and cannot in first time found, need late through large of time for carefully troubleshooting to found, but due to line used high erection, has must of height, observation Shi very inconvenience, and trip accident most occurred in Gale, and thunderstorm weather, find work is nothing more than is harder ; The segment in some special circumstances, and even threaten the personal safety of maintenance personnel.

Summary above all factors, ahead of do repair work will is necessary, so in around city power sector, often will for various of repair walkthrough, to accident occurred Shi, can fast of solution problem, which are reference has advanced of technology means, technology means of reference can in first time feedback fault where, greatly reduced fault find of time, also can avoid maintenance personnel through dangerous regional, strengthening on staff of protection.

Scope Of Application Of The Line Fault Indicator

Installed in the middle of long lines and branch meetings: to indicate the fault segment and fault branches.

Installed in substations exit: internal or external fault can be identified as station.

Installed on the user's distribution transformer with high voltage lines: to determine if my problem is caused by the user.

Installed on cables and overhead lines: can distinguish whether the fault is in the cable segment.

Line Fault Indicator Is How To Detect?

Detection principle of single-phase earth fault indicator is still in use of single-phase grounding line selection in small current grounding system principle, the detection principle of single-phase grounding fault include the following categories:

1.5 harmonic law. On line 5 of the current harmonic sampling, when the 5 harmonic mutations increases, and an abrupt voltage drop, then what happens to Earth.

2. the current mutation method. The method is based on single-phase grounding fault occurred in phase voltage close maximum value moments this a assumed, in occurred single phase to of moments, line on to capacitor in short time within discharge, while due to line resistance and distribution inductance of exists, in line Shang formed a larger of attenuation oscillation current, fault indicator detection to the current Hou, while detection to on to voltage declined, is judge for grounding.

3. first-half wave method. Sample grounding capacitive current of the moment the first half wave with the first half-wave voltage at impact, comparing the phase when the grounding capacitive current mutations of the moment of sampling and greater than a certain value, and ground instantaneous voltage half wave phase, and wire for voltage drop, judge circuit grounding.

4. method of zero-sequence current. When the zero-sequence current value exceeds the set value judgments as earth fault.

Above all is the passive detection, is dependent on the single-phase grounding fault of distribution parameters before and after the change.

Digital Fault Indicator Use Of Monitoring Systems

Digital fault indicator (LCD display fault indicator) mainly by the Panel hosts, liquid crystal displays, sensors and other auxiliary parts, mounted on a ring-network Cabinet, branch boxes, cable system, through sensors to discriminate the fault category, and the load current and temperature detection cable.

Event of failure through the Panel host led display, LCD display, current and temperature, and optional 485-bus remote transmission of fault information, so staff can better understand the situation, the maintenance in a timely manner.

Fault Trip Of Power Distribution Lines Often Appear And Cause Analysis

Distribution line at fault that mainly show trip short circuits, distribution power system fault trip will affect line safe operation and the normal usage of electricity, further may be more due to power outage you irreparable economic loss, and system of distribution line fault trip occurs is mainly due to the following conditions:

(1) has serious line in the system of urban and rural power distribution line ultra long, branching, line small diameter, high load operation of distribution system problems to cause tripping at the distribution line systems;

(2) with the national development and regional development, deepen people's growing demand for electricity in order to increase power system load, finally exceeding the limits of power system able to withstand fault trip circuitry;

(3) distribution line management appears line inspection and maintenance of the system enough safety distance and lines not enough problems, resulting in frequent trip;

(4) natural lightning in the rain or a typhoon, some disasters cause the line facility is damage caused by fault trip occurs;

(5) external damage caused failure of the line facilities damaged tripping and wiring failures due to ageing tripped frequently.

(6) install failure, and so on.

Overhead Line Fault Indicator Installation Tool Safe And Fast Action

Overhead Line Fault Indicator Installation Tool First, the instantaneous failure, coincidence Successful treatment program:

1. Line on both sides of the station to check a second device without exception, with continued operating conditions;

2. According to the fault on both sides of the line recorder and distance measurement to protect the distance to determine the scope of the fault point, according to the scope of fault inspection line;

3. Did not identify the equipment before the damage, do the line again gate or power outage treatment plan.

Second, permanent failure, coincidence is not a treatment program

1. According to the line after the gate running mode, the timely handling of the line off the gate caused by the overload, the local power grid to solve the abnormal situation;

2. The following circumstances, can not be forced to send:

(1) full cable line (according to fault recorder ranging, fault in the cable range);

(2) the line has live work;

(3) line transformer group switch trip, can not bring the transformer to send;

(4) has been found to be a fault phenomenon;

(5) line three-phase failure;

(6) test run line;

(7) other clearly defined lines that can not be delivered.

4. Line on both sides of the plant to check a second device no exception, can be considered strong delivery, strong end selection principle:

(1) for the power plant and the network connection line, by the substation side of the strong delivery;

(2) switch off the number of failures and switch off the large capacity of one end;

(3) to protect the sound and can quickly move the end of the trip;

(4) after the failure of a single power supply substation, by the opposite side of the station to send strong;

(5) the stability of the power grid regulations are required to implement.

5. After the success of the line to send,Overhead Line Fault Indicator Installation Tool according to the fault recorder ranging and protection ranging, to determine the scope of the fault point, according to the fault range with inspection line, check the equipment damage.

6. Line in the maintenance unit did not identify the equipment before the damage, do the line again gate or power outage treatment plan.

7. Line can not send a strong line immediately power outage.

Third, the line disconnection treatment program:

1. Line disconnection failure occurs, the general existence of the following phenomena:

(1) three-phase current imbalance, one phase or two-phase current is zero;

(2) one end of the line switch off the gate, the other end of the switch to run.

2. When the line disconnection occurs, the line should be immediately power outage, eliminating the system operation of the asymmetric component.

Fourth, the same pole and the same line of the same line with the name of the fault handling program:

1. with the pole and the same line with the same name of the same phase fault, the probability is low but serious consequences, after the event, the general will have the following:

(1) the same tower double-circuit line at the same time off the gate, will cause a larger range of transfer, may lead to the same transmission cross-related components over-current;

(2) the same tower double-circuit line at the same time off the gate, in the power grid structure is relatively weak areas will lead to more than the stability of the line limit, causing safe automatic device action; and may lead to local power grid and the main network solution.

2. When the same line with the same name phase fault, first adjust the power plant related to the output, to eliminate overcurrent phenomenon, for the removal of the load,Overhead Line Fault Indicator Installation Tool should consider the transfer load; for the removal of the unit should be resumed after the line to consider power transmission Boot

3. When the same line of the same line with the fault, the occurrence of power grid accident, the first deal with the grid after the power balance of the problem, to be resolved after the isolated network stability, and then consider the recovery problem;

4. Synonyms with the same name, the line reclosing generally do not coincide, the dispatcher can be stable after the frequency and trend, select the appropriate line for trial delivery.

Line Fault Indicator You Can Know The Existence Of The Problem In Time

There is a lot of fault lights on the car dashboard, and some fault lights are lit and you need to go for maintenance. But some fault lights light you need to be vigilant,Line Fault Indicator they will not only seriously damage the normal function of the car, ignoring the continued driving is likely to bring driving danger.

Here are 10 more dangerous fault lights, we pay more attention, especially the new car partners.

First, the state of the vehicle handbrake

We stop a habit is to pull the handbrake,Line Fault Indicator yes the indicator light used to display the state of the vehicle handbrake, usually off the state.

When the handbrake is pulled up, the indicator light automatically lights up. When the handbrake is lowered, the indicator goes off automatically. Some models in the driving did not put the hand brake will be accompanied by a warning sound.

Second, the use of battery status

Under normal circumstances to open the key door, the vehicle began to self-test, the indicator light. Automatically extinguished after startup.

If the battery indicator light is on after the start,Line Fault Indicator indicating that the battery appears to use the problem, need to be replaced.

Third, the engine oil pressure situation

It is very simple to open the key door, the vehicle began to self-test, the indicator light, after the start off. The indicator light is always on,Line Fault Indicator indicating that the engine oil engine pressure below the specified standard, you need to repair.

Fourth, ABS working status

ABS work status, we open the key door, ABS lights will be lit for a few seconds, then go out, this is normal

If it is not lit or does not go out after the start, indicating that ABS failure.

Short Circuit And Earth Fault Indicator Reduce Power Outages And Power Outages

Short Circuit And Earth Fault Indicator is used to detect the power system short circuit and ground fault device, run on the branch of the feeder, if a short circuit or ground fault occurs, the device through the Xiamen Si letter equipment to transfer the information back to the main station, Alarm information, so that duty officers immediately notify the relevant maintenance personnel arrived at the scene. The master station will be real-time to obtain the data from the station, and to determine whether there is an exception, so that we can achieve real-time monitoring effect.

Design principle:

The Short Circuit And Earth Fault Indicator consists of the following parts:

Three short-circuit fault sensors

A ground fault sensor

A reading instrument

The connecting wires are cables and / or cables

The reading instrument is mounted in a plastic box, the reading instrument is equipped with a time reset circuit and the assignment circuit ground fault is indicated by a flashing LED light, and each cable is short-circuited by a flashing LED lamp reading meter with a test reset Button Each sensor consists of a plastic housing and a coil that detects a pulsed current caused by a short circuit and a ground fault. Depending on the different versions of the sensor, the wires are connected or fixed to the sensor or the fiber is plugged into the sensor. The housing is injection molded and meets the IP conditions The The fiber can be safely transported between the sensor and the reading instrument through the high pressure zone

Data, this fiber is made of PMMA, its effective length of 10 meters.

Application:

Short Circuit And Earth Fault Indicator is used to detect short circuit and ground fault equipment. In the ring network distribution system, especially in the system using a large number of ring network load switch, if the next level distribution network system, a short circuit fault or ground fault occurs, the upper power supply system must be within the specified time Break off to prevent a major accident. By using this product, you can mark the faulty part. The maintenance personnel can quickly find the faulty section according to the alarm signal of this indicator, break the fault zone, and restore the power supply in the fault-free section in time, save a lot of working time and reduce the power failure time and power failure range.

The fault indicator discussed today mainly refers to cable fault indicators, which typically have three phase sensors (mounted on A, B, C phases, respectively), a zero sequence sensor (wrapped in three-phase cables), and a host Called display unit). When the distribution network short circuit fault occurs, the power side to the point of failure indicators are fault alarm, and the fault point after the indicator does not alarm, which can determine the location of the fault point interval to help people find the point of failure. According to the basis of fault diagnosis, the fault indicator can be divided into two kinds: fault indicator with overcurrent principle and fault indicator with current mutation principle. As for the use of other principles such as the first half wave method, the fifth harmonic method, injection method, fault current direction method to determine the basis of the fault indicator, due to the existence of a variety of problems, the application of less.

1. Fault indicator with overcurrent principle

Line short circuit and ground fault, the fault current in the line will increase, when the current increases over a certain set value, the use of over-current fault indicator will alarm display. Such indicators need to set a short circuit and ground fault alarm threshold in advance, short circuit in general 400A-1200A, ground generally in the 5-60A, adjustable range. The current use of this principle indicators of the mainstream market position, such as Germany EMG, HHH, the British NORTECH and some domestic manufacturers of products.

2. Fault indicator with current mutation principle

When the line short circuit and ground fault, the line will occur more significant instantaneous current changes, when the protection device action trip, the line steady current current will be zero. Detection of the current value of this mutation, but also to determine the short circuit and ground fault. Because this type of indicator does not need to pre-set the alarm threshold, its scope of application is more extensive. But because of the need for real-time monitoring of line current, product power consumption, shorter service life. There are currently Snyder FLAIR series and some domestic manufacturers of products using such principles.

Line Fault Indicator You Can Always See The Existence Of The Problem

In life, we will always encounter such a car failure, today, give us a summary of the car's most common car fault determination and solutions. Read, in the daily life of a car encountered a similar phenomenon,Line Fault Indicator they can know the reason, rational response.

1, the engine oil pressure indicator shows abnormal

Cause Analysis: When the table pointer shows the oil pressure is not normal, indicating that the engine parts are faulty. If the oil gauge pointer shows low pressure or instrument pointer display fluctuations, may be due to oil pump wear, the filter is blocked dirt, oil filter screen exposed oil, oil liquid level is low, mixed with air in the oil As well as pressure gauge failure and other reasons. In addition, the viscosity of low lubricants,Line Fault Indicator oil seal and poor lubrication, lubricating oil too cold viscosity, too much oil sludge deposition, etc. will also cause the oil pressure indicator shows abnormal.

Solution: should be promptly to the repair shop for replacement repair.

The following are the same as the "

2, unscrew the radiator cover found that there are always some oil floating in the water, and found that oil for oil.

Analysis of the reasons: the engine has two major circulatory system, one is the coolant circulation system, the other is the oil circulation system,Line Fault Indicator the two systems do not pass each other. If there is water in the oil or oil, it indicates that there is a problem in a separate place in the two circulatory systems. "Oil into the water" and "water into the oil" is two different nature of the fault. "Oil into the water" is the engine body itself out of the problem, and "water into the oil" is caused by the engine parts, the nature of the failure is not the same.

Solution: should be promptly to the repair shop for replacement repair.

3, the car accelerates the oil pressure indicator light will be lit.

Analysis of reasons: oil lamp lit real and virtual two cases. The so-called real, that is, oil pressure is really low, low to the warning light issued a warning level,Line Fault Indicator indicating that the lubrication system is faulty, must be excluded. The so-called virtual, as doubted, the oil lubrication system is not faulty, but the oil pressure indicator system failure, accidentally lit the light.

Solution: This failure will not affect the normal work of the engine, but should also find the root causes, to exclude the better. Often the possibility of real disease is greater, should be used as the main idea to judge the fault.

The following are the same as the "

4, the car in the event of a failure that caused the steering wheel swing, and heavy truck swing more serious.

Analysis of reasons: under normal circumstances is due to uneven tire wear on the front wheel, the use of new tires or tires uneven steel ring caused by deformation. Because,Line Fault Indicator when the wheel speed is fast, the torque that drives the steering wheel rotates mainly from the deflection of the tires or the steel ring. When the tires or steel ring of the pendulum more than 3mm, the yaw moment can drive the steering wheel swing around.

Solution: should go to repair the factory inspection, depending on the circumstances change the tire or steel ring.

The following are the same as the "

5, in a good road on the high-speed, heavy, empty when the steering wheel are swinging, heavy truck swing when the serious, and the faster the speed, the more serious swing.

Analysis of the reasons: generally due to brake drum and hub connecting bolts loose,Line Fault Indicator hub bearing hole loose and brake drum boring from the center leaving the brake drum thickness varies, resulting in unbalanced.

Solution: Repair the repair shop in time.

The following are the same as the "

6, the engine oil consumption is too large

Analysis of reasons: careful friends will find that the oil in the case of good condition there is a normal consumption, but some of the poor conditions when the car exhaust emissions of blue smoke, in fact, this means that the oil consumption is too large, generally Said that the consumption of lubricating oil is nothing more than two cases, into the combustion chamber to participate in combustion, or oil leakage. The reason why oil can flee into the combustion chamber, mainly because of serious wear and tear parts, with the gap is too large,Line Fault Indicator or oil pressure is too high, leading to oil into the combustion chamber. The oil leakage is mainly due to the seal hardening aging. If it is old vehicles, there are generally sealed due to aging and lax situation.

Solution: You'd better be through a professional conservation center, determined by the conservation engineer, and implement an effective solution.

Fault Indicator Monitoring System Reliable Operation Of The Important Indicators

Fault Indicator Monitoring System Short circuit and ground fault indicator is used to detect the power system short circuit and ground fault device, run on the branch of the feeder, if a short circuit or ground fault occurs, the device through the Xiamen Si letter equipment to transfer the information back to the main station, Alarm information, so that duty officers immediately notify the relevant maintenance personnel arrived at the scene. The master station will be real-time to obtain the data from the station, and to determine whether there is an exception, so that we can achieve real-time monitoring effect.

The communication between the fault indicator terminal and the background master station is generally carried out by means of public network GPRS. In order to measure the product quality and communication reliability level of the terminal, the background master station will generally count the online rate index as the basis of judgment. As the terminal and the backstage communication between the main station through the equipment, including the distribution terminal, GPRS module, the public network equipment, the background of the main station; and affect the complexity of the communication elements, involving power supply reliability, public network signal coverage quality,Fault Indicator Monitoring System The agreement between the equipment consistency, etc., the current reflection of the fault indicator terminal online rate is generally not very high, or have a high nominal online rate, but in the event of a line failure, the signal can not be reliable transmission, affecting the user The overall experience of the fault location system.

The on-line rate of the fault location system is an important indicator of the reliable operation of the system, but it should also be clear that the fault location system based on public network communication is destined to be a non-real-time online system with an on-line rate approaching but difficult to reach 100%. The following is a brief analysis of the relevant factors that affect the online rate of the fault indicator terminal.

Communication protocol

Good compatibility with communication protocols is the basis for reliable communication. The current fault indicator terminal and the main station more use 60870-5-101 / 104 protocol, but different manufacturers based on the understanding of the agreement and the configuration of the parameters are still a lot of differences in the system often need to adjust the time between manufacturers more detailed Of the communication, not only to the normal conditions of the communication process to verify, but also on the communication anomalies and extended operating conditions under the test logic. This part of the work belongs to the scope of equipment engineering development,Fault Indicator Monitoring System the relevant verification needs to be fully guaranteed before the factory equipment.

2. Fault indicator terminal

Fault indicator terminal. As the fault indicator terminal installed in the outdoor and high voltage and high current in the strong electromagnetic field work environment, the operating environment is relatively poor, product design and production must meet the requirements of outdoor industrial products, such as temperature and humidity environment, electromagnetic compatibility and dust Characteristics and so on. As the current equipment manufacturers are highly competitive, the price of many products has been lower than the cost of industrial-grade products, product reliability problems are particularly prominent, fault indicator terminal communication interface,Fault Indicator Monitoring System the level of interference is uneven, Type and purchase to be concerned.

3. Power supply

The fault indicator terminal has a reliable operating power source as a prerequisite for reliable data communication. Overhead-type fault indicator terminals generally use solar panels plus energy storage battery power supply. Cable fault indicator terminal to consider the economic performance and ease of installation generally use the current transformer to take power that is CT to take power. Can be seen, whether it is solar power or CT power, there is in the rainy weather or line current is too low when the power shortage is likely to affect the fault indicator terminal online rate indicators an important factor to improve its online rate: (Including solar panels, controllers, and storage capacity), or to improve the efficiency of the solar power take-off system (including the configuration of the appropriate area of solar panels, controller and storage capacity),Fault Indicator Monitoring System or to improve the efficiency of the power collection system, (Including reducing the minimum operating current, increasing the energy level of the remaining energy and configuring the appropriate capacity of the storage capacitor or battery). In order to improve the terminal line rate indicators, many users one-sided pursuit of the capacity of the backup battery and CT to take the minimum operating current system, which is a misunderstanding, only the combination of terminal power and operating environment, integrated configuration of the appropriate power module and backup Battery capacity can achieve a better power supply effect, the specific approach in the follow-up article will be the topic of discussion.

4.GPRS communication module

The GPRS communication module is the key link to load the communication data on the wireless public network. It accepts the access management of the public network base station through the identity identification on the SIM card, and responds to the data transmission request of the terminal on the other hand. Communication between the main station, is the impact of fault indicator terminal online rate of the most critical and most complex link. Interference GPRS communication module reliable work more factors, including GPRS communication circuit design reliability, SIM card and card slot in harsh environments of mechanical properties (whether good contact),Fault Indicator Monitoring System the public network parameters configuration management level. Some wireless public network support no SIM card data communication, reducing the SIM card contact failure caused by the possibility of data communication failure, is a better industrial design, but unfortunately the current support of the communication system is not a lot of conditions can be try.

5. Wireless public network signal

The wireless public network signal is the media carrier of the data communication. The quality of the signal coverage installed by the fault indicator terminal determines the reliability level of the data communication to a great extent. Wireless public network signal quality is not only related to the signal strength, but also with the signal signal to noise ratio and many other factors,Fault Indicator Monitoring System often need to wireless public network operators to make accurate judgments. However, the domestic public network operators are very concerned about the quality of service, in the wireless public network signal coverage of the quality of doubt, can call their customer service for signal detection and network optimization.

Overhead Line Fault Indicator To Ensure Safe Operation Of The Distance

1, electrical failure and its prevention.

Overhead Line Fault Indicator Distribution network in the operation often failure, most of the short-circuit fault, a few is broken line failure.

Short circuit refers to the phase or phase or between the ground connection, which includes three-phase short circuit, three-phase short-circuit, two-phase short circuit, two-phase short-circuit ground and single-phase short-circuit ground.

The main reason for the short circuit is the same insulation or relative insulation is damaged, such as insulation breakdown, metal connections, etc.

Short circuit not only in the loop to produce a large short-circuit current, resulting in a large thermal effect and electric effect of the root, thus damaging electrical equipment, and short circuit will cause the power network voltage drop,Overhead Line Fault Indicator near the short-circuit point closer to the voltage drop, The normal power supply

(1) single-phase ground.

Line single-phase point to ground insulation damage, the phase current through this point into the earth, called single-phase ground. Single-phase grounding is the most common opportunity in the electrical fault. Its main hazard lies in the destruction of the three-phase balance system. The voltage of the non-fault phase can cause the failure of the non-fault phase insulation, Three-phase short-circuit ground.

There are many factors that cause single-phase grounding, such as the disconnection of a phase wire, the twist and the wire, the jumper due to the discharge of the pole against the tower,Overhead Line Fault Indicator the insulator of the support or fixed wire, the insulation breakdown of the arrester.

(2) two-phase short circuit.

Line between any two phases caused by direct discharge called two-phase short circuit, will make the current through the wire than the normal increase in many times, and in the discharge point to form a strong arc, burn the wire, resulting in interruption of power supply.

Two-phase short-circuit, including two-phase short-circuit ground, than the single-phase ground situation is much more serious.

Two-phase short circuit for the reasons: mixed, lightning, external damage and so on.

(3) three-phase short circuit. In the same place in the line three-phase direct discharge called three-phase short circuit.

Three-phase short-circuit (including three-phase short-circuit grounding) is the line of the most serious electrical failure, but it appears less chance.

Three-phase short circuit of the reasons are: mixed line, line with ground line, the line caused by three-phase inverted bar and so on.

2, lack of phase.

Disconnection is not ground, usually also known as the lack of phase operation, will make the three-phase voltage transmission side, the receiving side of a phase without current,Overhead Line Fault Indicator three-phase motor can not run. Resulting in the reasons for the lack of operation is: fuse a phase of the burning, the tower of a phase jumper due to bad joints or blown.

3, the prevention of electrical failure.

Depending on the cause of the electrical failure, the following precautions may be taken:

(1) single-phase ground:

Timely clean up the line corridor, felling of high trees,Overhead Line Fault Indicator the demolition of dangerous construction of dangerous construction, to ensure the safe operation of the distance;

(2) mixed line:

Adjust the sag, expand the distance between the distance, narrow range;

(3) external damage:

Suspension of safety warning signs, to strengthen the publicity of the pole protection line, to strengthen the abnormal changes in the grade line corridor;

(4) Lightning prevention:

Install the arrester, reduce the grounding resistance, reduce the degree of damage to the lightning; enable reclosing function, improve power supply reliability;

(5) Insulator breakdown:

Selection of qualified insulators, to meet the insulation with the conditions to improve the voltage level and anti-pollution level; to strengthen the absolute sperm cleaning.

During fault conditions customers experience interruptions to supply. A system of remotely installed communicating Fault passage indicators (FPIs), located at strategic points on the network, provides the control room with the position of the faulty section of network as soon as the fault happens.

This valuable information means engineers are immediately directed to the section of network where they are needed, thereby reducing the amount of time customers spend without power.

Our system for remotely monitoring FPIs provides the quickest and most economic route to deploying and managing large numbers of low cost communicating FPIs on your network effectively.

iHost enables you to select the best FPI for your network, at a competitive price, in the knowledge they will always be compatible with your top end DMS/NMS systems,

The Working Principle Of Line Fault Indicator

Ground detection principle

Sample grounding capacitive current of the moment the first half wave with the first half-wave voltage at impact, comparing the phase when the grounding capacitive current mutations of the moment of sampling and greater than a certain value, and ground instantaneous voltage half wave phase, and wire for voltage drop, judge line grounding, or line is not earthed.

Short circuit detection principle

According to short-circuit; in the short moment power current positive mutation, protection as a basis for action.

Fault Indicator For Overhead Network Features

1. Fault monitoring: ground fault indicator (fault indicator for overhead network) has the function of short circuit, earth fault identification;

2. Online: mounted directly on the power line (overhead or bus), you can run for a long time without maintenance;

3. Fault: detection of short-circuit fault, line current mutations and switch tripped behind the fault indications are given without setting action;

4. Display mode: display the flop or light emitting display, 360 ° range can be observed, when the flop, signs with night vision reflective technology;

5. Current: when the line when transmission indicator magnetizing inrush current is detected, action loop blocking to prevent malfunction fault indicator;

6. Charge handling: electric installation and pick the unloading, loading and unloading processes without false alarms,

7. Rust and corrosion: corrosion protection of structural parts with rustproof material.

Grounded Fault Indicator Species Are There?

With the development of the electric power industry, increasing demand for the quality of power supply, hence a variety of fault indicators are used in the power line road, Teli grounded fault indicator technology is broadly divided into two types:

The first grounded fault indicator for overhead, mainly used in the overhead power lines for earthing and short circuit fault detection circuit for monitoring temperature and operation condition;

Second ring main unit cable fault indicator, also often called a temperature fault indicator, mainly used in ring-network Cabinet, branch boxes, cable system, used for detection of grounding fault line, load and temperature conditions.

Overhead Type Fault Indicator Installation Steps

1) Terminal installation supervision and configuration data:

-Check that the internal and external data terminal is in good condition, follow the installation program checks the data terminal ID;

-Check that the SIM card is inserted;

-Connect the battery cable, check if connected;

GSM-connection and short-distance wireless communication antennas, check if connected;

-Open Terminal power supply, check whether data terminal start normally;

-Close and secure data terminal door.

2) Installation supervision and configuration fault indicator:

-Check the External fault indicator is intact, follow the installation programme to check the fault indicator ID;

3) Engineers installed a data terminal:

-General data online pole terminal clamp installation, should ensure that the ground clearance is more than 6 m (to prevent theft), while distance perpendicular to the wire at a distance less than 10 meters (guarantee the stability indicator and data communication);

-Normal data terminal solar panels (positive) direction for the South (data terminal solar power works best), where the building or trees and shelter data terminals installed up or install location to move into adjacent line post.

4) Engineers installed fault indicator:

-Turn indicator installation tool fixed on the insulation, insulated Rod 7~10 m is appropriate.

Installation Using Line Fault Indicator Considerations

1. after a transient fault reset time: instantaneous reset time after a failure, can be manufactured at user's request, the control program set up, that's good for reclosing transient faults after a successful lookup. If the user is not required, then arranged immediately after power on reset.

2. the difference with 3V lithium battery and without battery:

1) line power, 3V lithium battery indicator begins to detect faults after 30 seconds, with no battery indicator 5 minute seconds after starting to detect faults.

2) with a 3V lithium battery indicator current ≥ 5 a request line work; no battery indicator required line current 15A.

Fault Indicator Monitoring System Electromagnetic Compatibility And Dust And Water Resistance

The Fault Indicator Monitoring System originated in Germany in the 1980s and was designed to indicate the way in which the short-circuit current flows through the distribution line to help people find the point of failure. China from the nineties began to introduce and learn foreign Fault Indicator Monitoring System development technology, and gradually evolved into a remote monitoring with the communication function of the distribution line fault location system. The system to Fault Indicator Monitoring System probe, terminal and backstage main station, as shown below. Overhead Fault Indicator Monitoring System and the terminal generally in a small wireless ad hoc network communication to achieve data communication, and cable Fault Indicator Monitoring System and the terminal may be a small wireless ad hoc network or optical fiber communication to achieve data delivery, due to the probe And the communication distance between the terminals is short, the data transmission rate is low, the logic level is simple, there is generally no communication reliability problem.

The communication between the Fault Indicator Monitoring System terminal and the background master station is generally carried out by means of public network GPRS. In order to measure the product quality and communication reliability level of the terminal, the background master station will generally count the online rate index as the basis of judgment. As the terminal and the backstage communication between the main station through the equipment, including the distribution terminal, GPRS module, the public network equipment, the background of the main station; and affect the complexity of the communication elements, involving power supply reliability, public network signal coverage quality , The agreement between the equipment consistency, etc., the current reflection of the Fault Indicator Monitoring System terminal online rate is generally not very high, or have a high nominal online rate, but in the event of a line failure, the signal can not be reliable transmission, affecting the user The overall experience of the fault location system.

The on-line rate of the fault location system is an important indicator of the reliable operation of the system, but it should also be clear that the fault location system based on public network communication is destined to be a non-real-time online system with an on-line rate approaching but difficult to reach 100%. The following is a brief analysis of the relevant factors that affect the online rate of the Fault Indicator Monitoring System terminal.

Communication protocol

Good compatibility with communication protocols is the basis for reliable communication. The current Fault Indicator Monitoring System terminal and the main station more use 60870-5-101 / 104 protocol, but different manufacturers based on the understanding of the agreement and the configuration of the parameters are still a lot of differences in the system often need to adjust the time between manufacturers more detailed Of the communication, not only to the normal conditions of the communication process to verify, but also on the communication anomalies and extended operating conditions under the test logic. This part of the work belongs to the scope of equipment engineering development, the relevant verification needs to be fully guaranteed before the factory equipment.

2. Fault Indicator Monitoring System terminal

Fault Indicator Monitoring System terminal. As the Fault Indicator Monitoring System terminal installed in the outdoor and high voltage and high current in the strong electromagnetic field work environment, the operating environment is relatively poor, product design and production must meet the requirements of outdoor industrial products, such as temperature and humidity environment, electromagnetic compatibility and dust Characteristics and so on. As the current equipment manufacturers are highly competitive, the price of many products has been lower than the cost of industrial-grade products, product reliability problems are particularly prominent, Fault Indicator Monitoring System terminal communication interface, the level of interference is uneven, Type and purchase to be concerned.

3. Power supply

The Fault Indicator Monitoring System terminal has a reliable operating power source as a prerequisite for reliable data communication. Overhead-type Fault Indicator Monitoring System terminals generally use solar panels plus energy storage battery power supply. Cable Fault Indicator Monitoring System terminal to consider the economic performance and ease of installation generally use the current transformer to take power that is CT to take power. Can be seen, whether it is solar power or CT power, there is in the rainy weather or line current is too low when the power shortage is likely to affect the Fault Indicator Monitoring System terminal online rate indicators an important factor to improve its online rate: (Including solar panels, controllers, and storage capacity), or to improve the efficiency of the solar power take-off system (including the configuration of the appropriate area of solar panels, controller and storage capacity), or to improve the efficiency of the power collection system, (Including reducing the minimum operating current, increasing the energy level of the remaining energy and configuring the appropriate capacity of the storage capacitor or battery). In order to improve the terminal line rate indicators, many users one-sided pursuit of the capacity of the backup battery and CT to take the minimum operating current system, which is a misunderstanding, only the combination of terminal power and operating environment, integrated configuration of the appropriate power module and backup Battery capacity can achieve a better power supply effect, the specific approach in the follow-up article will be the topic of discussion.

4.GPRS communication module

The GPRS communication module is the key link to load the communication data on the wireless public network. It accepts the access management of the public network base station through the identity identification on the SIM card, and responds to the data transmission request of the terminal on the other hand. Communication between the main station, is the impact of Fault Indicator Monitoring System terminal online rate of the most critical and most complex link. Interference GPRS communication module reliable work more factors, including GPRS communication circuit design reliability, SIM card and card slot in harsh environments of mechanical properties (whether good contact), the public network parameters configuration management level. Some wireless public network support no SIM card data communication, reducing the SIM card contact failure caused by the possibility of data communication failure, is a better industrial design, but unfortunately the current support of the communication system is not a lot of conditions can be try.

Overhead Line Fault Indicator Safe And Automatic

First, Overhead Line Fault Indicator the instantaneous failure, coincidence Successful treatment program:

1. Overhead Line Fault Indicator Line on both sides of the station to check a second device without exception, with continued operating conditions;

2. Overhead Line Fault Indicator According to the fault on both sides of the line recorder and distance measurement to protect the distance to determine the scope of the fault point, according to the scope of fault inspection line;

3. Overhead Line Fault Indicator Did not identify the equipment before the damage, do the line again gate or power outage treatment plan.

Second, Overhead Line Fault Indicator permanent failure, coincidence is not a treatment program

1. According to the line after the gate running mode, the timely handling of the line off the gate caused by the overload, the local power grid to solve the abnormal situation;

2. The following circumstances, can not be forced to send:

(1) full cable line (according to fault recorder ranging, fault in the cable range);

(2) the line has live work;

(3) line transformer group switch trip, can not bring the transformer to send;

(4) has been found to be a fault phenomenon;

(5) line three-phase failure;

(6) test run line;

(7) other clearly defined lines that can not be delivered.

4.Overhead Line Fault Indicator Line on both sides of the plant to check a second device no exception, can be considered strong delivery, strong end selection principle:

(1) for the power plant and the network connection line, by the substation side of the strong delivery;

(2) switch off the number of failures and switch off the large capacity of one end;

(3) to protect the sound and can quickly move the end of the trip;

(4) after the failure of a single power supply substation, by the opposite side of the station to send strong;

(5) the stability of the power grid regulations are required to implement.

5. Overhead Line Fault Indicator After the success of the line to send, according to the fault recorder ranging and protection ranging, to determine the scope of the fault point, according to the fault range with inspection line, check the equipment damage.

6. Overhead Line Fault Indicator Line in the maintenance unit did not identify the equipment before the damage, do the line again gate or power outage treatment plan.

7. Overhead Line Fault Indicator Line can not send a strong line immediately power outage.